The instruments Andean wind have a huge variety and complexity. Each community has its own measure, tone and form of interpretation. In general, they all play in troops or groups, which express a community perspective of Andean life. The flutes can be divided into three groups, according to its mouth blow: the type "flute" (including choquelas , pusipias , lichiwayus , flute, flutes , quenachos , kamacheñas , quenas themselves and others), type "pinkillo (including kachuiris , mohoseños , senqatenqanas , chajjes , Rollana , waka-pinkillos , soul-pinkillos and other pinkillos itself) and "transverse" ( fifes, phalawatas and others). Within the above
troops there are 3, 4 and up to 5 sizes of the same instrument (each with its particular name, variable from locality to locality) pitched harmonies so that specific cause (usually intervals of fourths, fifths and octaves) . Moreover, the flutes are often blown so acute that boot records are rich in harmonics (so-called "Rich" or "t'aras"). All these features endow the original sounds of a very special ring. At present, urban and mixed-race bands avoid this mode of interpretation, distorting the tradition in favor of hearing more "friendly" to employment for low flutes and the elimination of certain harmonies.
Few instruments are played solo, perhaps some forms of Quenilla and pinkillo simple. The flute , the most popular instrument of Andean music, began to be used as a solo instrument in the context mestizo. Originally, it was a poorly tuned instrument, or pentatonic, which also played troops.
The materials used for this kind of instruments are different types of cane, but now also made of plastic. The flutes be used also bone, metal, ceramic, stone, gourd and wood.
In this work we have included the following recorders:
- Different types of flute all sokhosa cane, tuned according to the Western tempered scale. Different sizes were used and sonic textures. While the standard instrument modern Andean group, the flute has an ancient tradition -Have been found in numerous quenas pre-Columbian burials, and many legends, including the most famous of Manchaypuytu . It has also forms of traditional performing touch and entirely beyond the canons of Western audition, but retain, for that matter, its magic. The flute-type instruments differ from the type pinkillo in its mouth: the latest blow is a common flute, while the first channel without a murmur and should be interpreted with special grouting technique.
- The quenacho , a flute of higher dimensions, tuned fifth worst. It is an instrument of modern design, and its name means simply "large flute."
- Joint flute, flutes. It is "quenachos" interpreted traditional indigenous contexts, accompanied only by percussion (drums and sometimes snare), to encourage various dances of ancient roots. interpreters flute-flute are often beautifully adorned with coverlets and jaguar skins. The set has two sizes: the most serious instrument is usually tuned to D, and sharper, fourth or fifth highest.
- Joint choquelas . Similar to flute-quenas , but with different tunings and harmonies, and thus with different sonic textures. Its name derives from the Aymara word ch'uqi (potato or potato), as traditionally used in agricultural festivities related to the crop. Like the flute, flutes (and many other Andean flutes), color specific dances, and played in troops from many instruments with the sole accompaniment of drums.
- Set of lichiwayus . Its name means "milk." They are also similar to the flute, flutes , but come of a distinct cultural area: the Chipaya, in the region of Oruro, Bolivia. Played in troops, have three traditional sizes (which retain their names Chipaya language) and used in ancient dances.
- The mohoseño salliba . One of the largest pipes of the Andes, salliba is the largest size (and worst) of the troops or set of mohoseños (which usually takes another 3 or 4 sizes, all more acute). It is played horizontally, like a flute, and has an additional conduit ( paltjata ) that allows its breath. Your mouth is the type pinkillo . In indigenous contexts runs in its upper register (to remove its "t'aras") but in mixed areas and urban and modern Andean music is played using his lower register. It is used in specific dance, and accompanied only by percussion (and never string).
- The senqatenqana , an instrument similar to mohoseño salliba , but is played vertically. It also provided an additional conduit for breath, it resembles the European bassoon. It is the largest size of the troop of pinkhullus , and comes from the population Tarabuco (Yamparaez province, Chuquisaca department) in Bolivia. Dance is used in particular (specifically in the puqllay ) and not accompanied by percussion (much less of strings). However, the musicians who performed (and, like many other performers of Andean flutes are, in turn, dancers) fit a wooden sandals featuring a curious "spur" Tin ("Gallu gallus), the which sound with each hop, marking the rhythm.
- pinkillo . Standard instrument, form and blow system similar to the European flute. Has many regional variations, both in size and shape, pitch, number of holes and performing style. Although it is generally played on troops, is also used as a solo instrument, especially in intimate contexts. In the modern Andean music uses it as a Western flute, so that has been used in this work.
- Waka-pinkillo . Particular variety of pinkillo that has only three holes and can be read with one hand while the other is used to strike a percussion instrument ( box, wank'ara , etc.) And so accompany the melody. It is used in traditional contexts, and is usually executed in troops in two sizes. Its name means "cow pinkillo" it is present in dances such as the waka-thokori (musical parody of bullfighting). Their sounds, obtained only with the three holes above-profit flute harmonics to build a pentatonic scale full three octaves.
- Tunda . Ecuadorian flute, built with the cane called just "beating." Sound is serious and deep texture and is often used in different rhythms, or even solo, unaccompanied.
- Fife. Generic name for a type of flute used to throughout the Andes, from Bolivia to Colombia. Has-according to each region, different tunings, tessitura and modes of interpretation.
- Phalawata . The word is Andean deformation Castilian term "flute." It is a standard flute cane, used as flute, along the Andes. Sometimes also called "phalawita" or simply "phala".
- European Flute. The instrument orchestra, metal, with Boehm key system. Today, especially in Argentina and Chile, the folk musicians used to play traditional rhythms from a "projection."
troops there are 3, 4 and up to 5 sizes of the same instrument (each with its particular name, variable from locality to locality) pitched harmonies so that specific cause (usually intervals of fourths, fifths and octaves) . Moreover, the flutes are often blown so acute that boot records are rich in harmonics (so-called "Rich" or "t'aras"). All these features endow the original sounds of a very special ring. At present, urban and mixed-race bands avoid this mode of interpretation, distorting the tradition in favor of hearing more "friendly" to employment for low flutes and the elimination of certain harmonies.
Few instruments are played solo, perhaps some forms of Quenilla and pinkillo simple. The flute , the most popular instrument of Andean music, began to be used as a solo instrument in the context mestizo. Originally, it was a poorly tuned instrument, or pentatonic, which also played troops.
The materials used for this kind of instruments are different types of cane, but now also made of plastic. The flutes be used also bone, metal, ceramic, stone, gourd and wood.
In this work we have included the following recorders:
- Different types of flute all sokhosa cane, tuned according to the Western tempered scale. Different sizes were used and sonic textures. While the standard instrument modern Andean group, the flute has an ancient tradition -Have been found in numerous quenas pre-Columbian burials, and many legends, including the most famous of Manchaypuytu . It has also forms of traditional performing touch and entirely beyond the canons of Western audition, but retain, for that matter, its magic. The flute-type instruments differ from the type pinkillo in its mouth: the latest blow is a common flute, while the first channel without a murmur and should be interpreted with special grouting technique.
- The quenacho , a flute of higher dimensions, tuned fifth worst. It is an instrument of modern design, and its name means simply "large flute."
- Joint flute, flutes. It is "quenachos" interpreted traditional indigenous contexts, accompanied only by percussion (drums and sometimes snare), to encourage various dances of ancient roots. interpreters flute-flute are often beautifully adorned with coverlets and jaguar skins. The set has two sizes: the most serious instrument is usually tuned to D, and sharper, fourth or fifth highest.
- Joint choquelas . Similar to flute-quenas , but with different tunings and harmonies, and thus with different sonic textures. Its name derives from the Aymara word ch'uqi (potato or potato), as traditionally used in agricultural festivities related to the crop. Like the flute, flutes (and many other Andean flutes), color specific dances, and played in troops from many instruments with the sole accompaniment of drums.
- Set of lichiwayus . Its name means "milk." They are also similar to the flute, flutes , but come of a distinct cultural area: the Chipaya, in the region of Oruro, Bolivia. Played in troops, have three traditional sizes (which retain their names Chipaya language) and used in ancient dances.
- The mohoseño salliba . One of the largest pipes of the Andes, salliba is the largest size (and worst) of the troops or set of mohoseños (which usually takes another 3 or 4 sizes, all more acute). It is played horizontally, like a flute, and has an additional conduit ( paltjata ) that allows its breath. Your mouth is the type pinkillo . In indigenous contexts runs in its upper register (to remove its "t'aras") but in mixed areas and urban and modern Andean music is played using his lower register. It is used in specific dance, and accompanied only by percussion (and never string).
- The senqatenqana , an instrument similar to mohoseño salliba , but is played vertically. It also provided an additional conduit for breath, it resembles the European bassoon. It is the largest size of the troop of pinkhullus , and comes from the population Tarabuco (Yamparaez province, Chuquisaca department) in Bolivia. Dance is used in particular (specifically in the puqllay ) and not accompanied by percussion (much less of strings). However, the musicians who performed (and, like many other performers of Andean flutes are, in turn, dancers) fit a wooden sandals featuring a curious "spur" Tin ("Gallu gallus), the which sound with each hop, marking the rhythm.
- pinkillo . Standard instrument, form and blow system similar to the European flute. Has many regional variations, both in size and shape, pitch, number of holes and performing style. Although it is generally played on troops, is also used as a solo instrument, especially in intimate contexts. In the modern Andean music uses it as a Western flute, so that has been used in this work.
- Waka-pinkillo . Particular variety of pinkillo that has only three holes and can be read with one hand while the other is used to strike a percussion instrument ( box, wank'ara , etc.) And so accompany the melody. It is used in traditional contexts, and is usually executed in troops in two sizes. Its name means "cow pinkillo" it is present in dances such as the waka-thokori (musical parody of bullfighting). Their sounds, obtained only with the three holes above-profit flute harmonics to build a pentatonic scale full three octaves.
- Tunda . Ecuadorian flute, built with the cane called just "beating." Sound is serious and deep texture and is often used in different rhythms, or even solo, unaccompanied.
- Fife. Generic name for a type of flute used to throughout the Andes, from Bolivia to Colombia. Has-according to each region, different tunings, tessitura and modes of interpretation.
- Phalawata . The word is Andean deformation Castilian term "flute." It is a standard flute cane, used as flute, along the Andes. Sometimes also called "phalawita" or simply "phala".
- European Flute. The instrument orchestra, metal, with Boehm key system. Today, especially in Argentina and Chile, the folk musicians used to play traditional rhythms from a "projection."
couple-flutes flute. Photo by author.
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